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Malignant expansion and rapid metastasis are the main limiting factors for successful therapy of lung cancer. More effective immunotherapies for lung cancer are urgently needed. Alfa Cytology is a world leader in the development of cancer vaccines. With our extensive experience and advanced platform, we can provide the best vaccine development services for lung cancer.
Lung cancer can be divided into two main types - non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). NSCLC accounts for 85 percent of all cases, while SCLC accounts for about 15 percent. Therapy for lung cancer depends on the stage of the tumor and includes surgical resection, platinum-assisted chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. The need for new therapies to improve lung cancer survival is ever-present.
Lung cancer is a complex disease that requires multiple effective therapies. Below is a list of therapy developed for lung cancer. It is worth noting that therapeutic cancer vaccines are a promising therapy by specifically targeting tumor-associated antigens to induce long-term immune responses and reduce adverse reactions.
Although there are currently no approved vaccines for lung cancer prevention, significant progress has been made in developing therapeutic vaccines for existing lung cancer. At present, tumor vaccines can be classified into peptide vaccines, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccines, recombinant virus vaccines, etc.
Fig. 1 Mechanism of cancer vaccine.
The research direction of therapeutic tumor vaccines is mainly peptide vaccines, and the research stage is mainly phase III or IV. This may be due to the easy preparation of peptide vaccine, small side effects, simple injection method, high feasibility, and advanced patients are also the main target population of immunotherapy. Here are some examples of new vaccine developments.
Oncolytic Virus Vaccines for Lung Cancer
Oncolytic viruses (OVs), especially vaccinia virus (VV), can be used in cancer vaccines. Because OVs can selectively replicate in and kill tumor cells and subsequently induce a systemic anti-tumor immune response, they can be used to treat multiple cancer types, especially advanced cancers. It can also be used in combination with other immunotherapies to improve the efficacy of therapy against cancer.
mRNA Vaccines for Lung Cancer
The mRNA vaccine has the advantages of effectiveness, safety, and economy. It has a wide application prospect in the active immunotherapy of cancer. However, the inherent instability and poor immunogenicity of mRNA limit its application and development. Therefore, the development of adjuvants and delivery systems to expand the use of mRNA vaccines is also critical.
Protein-based Vaccines for Lung Cancer
In most lung cancers, tumor cells overexpress epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which is the mechanism by which lung cancer occurs. There are EGF-related vaccines, consisting of recombinant human EGF, to induce the production of antibodies against autogenic EGF and result in lower serum EGF levels and weakening the EGF-EGFR interaction.
Tumor vaccines can induce an in vivo immune response specific to the tumor-associated antigens formulated in the vaccine. The advantages of tumor vaccines include the safe and effective initiation of tumor-specific immune responses in different cancers, including lung cancer. Therefore, Alfa Cytology provides various services related to lung cancer vaccine development, including but not limited to the following.
| Antigen-Based | Genetically Engineered | Cell-Based |
|---|---|---|
The advantage of a cancer vaccine is that it can precisely kill hidden lesions invisible by the immune system, which provides the possibility for radical therapy of advanced solid tumors. Alfa Cytology is committed to the research and development of therapeutic lung cancer vaccines, from the discovery of cancer antigens, and the development of different types of vaccines, to vaccine research for different cancer types, providing one-stop services. If you are interested in our service, please contact us.